Geographic Decentralisation Index

Stake concentration on a few cities, network operators, or countries is real risk to Solana. Pools that distribute stake away from those clusters strengthen the network.

We measure the country, city, and network operator (ASN) of every validator in every pool, every epoch — and rank pools by how widely their stake is spread.

The problem in three numbers · largest single bucket per dimension, today

Most-concentrated ASN

32.5%

AS20326 · TeraSwitch · 139M SOL

Most-concentrated country

28.5%

Germany · 122M SOL

Most-concentrated city

25.3%

Frankfurt · 108M SOL

Stake pool leaderboard

ranked by GDI

Pools at the top of this list contribute most to Solana's decentralisation. Click a pool name for the per-validator breakdown.

Min stake

Showing top 23 of 23 pools ≥ 100k SOL

#	Pool	GDI	country	city	asn	Validators	Stake
1	STKESOL StKeDU…bGhw	4.51	3.15	5.41	5.39	78	700k SOL
2	jagSOL jagEdD…2BxM	4.06	3.88	4.92	3.51	88	762k SOL
3	definSOL Bvbu55…MmPL	4.03	3.48	5.01	3.74	27	244k SOL
4	edgeSOL edgejN…KiWZ	3.94	2.98	5.88	3.50	56	828k SOL
5	hyloSOL hy1oDe…egwL	3.85	4.60	4.71	2.63	1	197k SOL
6	pdSOL aero2e…sVJ6	3.66	3.35	4.24	3.45	91	1.06M SOL
7	dynoSOL DpooSq…zjru	3.64	2.95	3.93	4.16	78	1.64M SOL
8	vSOL Fu9BYC…WiyC	3.48	2.61	3.88	4.17	178	1.29M SOL
9	bSOL stk9Ap…DuMi	3.31	2.18	4.07	4.08	757	1.02M SOL
10	JSOL CtMyWs…JzG1	3.31	2.48	3.51	4.15	280	1.25M SOL
11	JitoSOL Jito4A…Awbb	3.30	2.31	3.62	4.29	753	9.39M SOL
12	dzSOL 3fV1sd…zeWi	3.16	2.67	3.63	3.26	381	7.45M SOL
13	BGSOL 9qrFrE…gKjb	2.98	2.28	3.16	3.68	2	103k SOL
14	BNSOL Hr9pze…4a7r	2.61	1.88	3.12	3.02	5	11.29M SOL
15	LP-SOLAYER po1osK…zGN2	2.56	1.89	3.39	2.63	3	132k SOL
16	xSHIN spp1mo…N1QN	2.48	1.52	2.55	3.94	45	1.05M SOL
17	PSOL pSPcvR…aPqJ	2.23	1.51	1.51	4.89	1	1.49M SOL
18	axiSOL 9N69d9…Njpa	2.08	1.26	1.38	5.22	1	536k SOL
19	JupSOL 8VpRhu…KCtr	1.94	1.83	2.05	1.94	4	5.13M SOL
20	MXSOL CV6bkr…pbtd	1.88	1.50	1.93	2.29	4	315k SOL
21	BdMLRsol HQLwnQ…qkFL	1.72	1.26	1.38	2.94	10	210k SOL
22	LST DqhH94…XqeK	1.58	1.47	1.49	1.79	2026	107k SOL
23	BulkSOL 3aUmJD…D174	1.25	1.26	1.38	1.13	1	126k SOL

For reference, the network-wide average GDI across all 763 active Solana validators is 2.58. How this is computed.

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